# Global Catastrophic Risk Institute

> The Global Catastrophic Risk Institute is a think tank studying major threats to global human civilization.


## Posts

- [One Big Question About Contrails and Climate Change](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/contrails-question): Contrails are the clouds formed by some airplane flights. They are made out of water, a greenhouse gas, and cause about 1-2% of climate change. Avoiding them may be a promising climate solution. This GCRI commentary asks: is progress on contrails avoidance limited more by the ability to avoid contrails or the motivation to actually do so?
- [Government Procedure and Global Catastrophic Risk](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/government-procedure-gcr): Global catastrophic risk is heavily affected by the procedures governments use to make decisions. This GCRI commentary calls for a nuanced understanding instead of one-size-fits all procedures. It discusses procedure changes across US history from the New Deal through the anti-establishment backlash to contemporary debates about abundance.
- [Is Climate Change a Global Catastrophic Risk?](https://gcri.org/videos/climate-change-gcr): We know that climate change is a major threat to the world, but is it a global catastrophic risk? This GCRI video addresses the question by studying three extreme climate change scenarios and comparing them to the definition of global catastrophic risk. It covers extreme warming, geoengineering failure, and pandemics induced by climate change.
- [Announcing GCRI Videos](https://gcri.org/about/updates/announcing-gcri-videos): We are pleased to announce a new line of activity for GCRI, the production of videos on global catastrophic risk. We are beginning with a series of videos on the GCRI YouTube channel that present core fundamentals of global catastrophic risk for anyone interested in learning more and potentially getting involved. Depending on how it goes, we may expand to other themes and platforms. On the GCRI website, our videos can be found at gcri.org/videos. For each video, we will publish a blog post containing information about the video, similar to what we do for publications. Our videos are intended […]
- [GCRI YouTube Channel Introduction](https://gcri.org/videos/youtube-channel-introduction): GCRI is launching a new series of videos to present core fundamentals of global catastrophic risk to wider audiences. This video serves to introduce our new channel. The video explains that while there is no guarantee that global catastrophe will be avoided in the future, with enough targeted effort, it may be possible to avoid it.
- [Open Call for Advisees and Collaborators, June 2025](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2025-call): GCRI is currently welcoming inquiries from people who are interested in seeking our advice and/or collaborating with us as part of our seventh annual Advising and Collaboration Program. The program welcomes people at all career points, backgrounds, and locations worldwide. Inquiries may cover any aspect of global catastrophic risk.
- [Welcome to the New GCRI Website at gcri.org](https://gcri.org/about/updates/welcome-to-the-new-gcri-website-at-gcri-org): We are excited to present this new and updated look for GCRI’s online presence. Our previous website, located at gcrinstitute.org, was launched in 2012 and had fallen out of date in several respects. The new website contains several new features, including an expanded set of topics (from six to ten), dedicated sections for our two main programs (the Advising and Collaboration Program and the Fellowship Program), separate pages for research and commentary publications, and more. The website has also gotten a visual overhaul and should display well across all screens, including desktop and phone. The new website design was produced […]
- [Democratic Participation and Global Catastrophic Risk](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/democratic-participation-gcr): US policy advocacy today mostly consists of insider engagement with government officials, in contrast with the public mobilization of earlier eras. This GCRI commentary argues that public mobilization, though difficult, would be more democratic and enable larger policy wins. It proposes a policy agenda designed for broad public appeal.
- [Parsing AI Risk in Early 2025](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/parsing-ai-early-2025): In early 2025, depending on who one asks, the AI industry is either on track to render humans obsolete within the next few years or about to go bust, or maybe somewhere in between. This GCRI commentary argues that extreme short-term AI scenarios are unlikely, but they nonetheless should be accounted for given the high stakes.
- [Advance World Peace to Address Global Catastrophic Risk?](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/world-peace-gcr): World peace has long been an elusive goal, and the world today is certainly not at peace. This GCRI commentary argues that, nonetheless, world peace may be a worthy element of a broader agenda to address global catastrophic risk. This is due to the many aspects of global catastrophic risk that would be easier to address if the world was at peace.
- [The Nuclear War Scenarios that Lurk Ahead in Ukraine](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/nuclear-war-scenarios-ukraine): The Russian invasion of Ukraine is currently stuck in a relatively stable war of attrition, but the risk of nuclear war remains. This GCRI commentary describes two nuclear war scenarios: one involving Russian hostilities with NATO and one involving Russian battlefield defeat in Ukraine. Both scenarios should be accounted for in NATO policy.
- [2024 Annual Report](https://gcri.org/about/annual-report/2024): Letter from the Executive Director GCRI ends 2024 with our smallest team ever, but it’s not for lack of risks in the world. The war in Ukraine rages on, and tensions among nuclear-armed states are far from resolved. H5N1 influenza has spread widely among birds, with some human cases reported. Climate change continues to worsen, causing an array of harms. AI technology has proliferated, prompting highly divergent reactions among experts and observers. Those of us concerned about global catastrophic risk certainly have our work cut out for us. In late 2024, GCRI co-founder Tony Barrett began a new position in […]
- [Tony Barrett Moves to Senior Advisor](https://gcri.org/about/updates/tony-barrett-senior-advisor): GCRI co-founder Tony Barrett has left his position as Director of Research and is now in the position of Senior Advisor. The move comes as Dr. Barrett begins a new role in the National Risk Management Center of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, part of the United States Department of Homeland Security.
- [2024 GCRI Fellowship Program](https://gcri.org/programs/fellowship/2024): GCRI is pleased to announce the 2024 Fellowship Program. The GCRI Fellowship Program serves to highlight exceptional individuals that GCRI had the opportunity to partner with over the course of the year. It is part of GCRI’s work to support the broader field of global catastrophic risk. This year, we have three new Fellows.
- [Summary of the 2024 Advising and Collaboration Program](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2024-summary): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is an opportunity for anyone interested in global catastrophic risk to get more involved in the field. The 2024 program received inquiries from 28 people in 13 countries around the world. We held 23 advising calls. We also made 16 private introductions for professional networking.
- [Open Call for Advisees and Collaborators, September 2024](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2024-call): GCRI is currently welcoming inquiries from people who are interested in seeking our advice and/or collaborating with us as part of our sixth annual Advising and Collaboration Program. The program welcomes people at all career points, backgrounds, and locations worldwide. Inquiries may cover any aspect of global catastrophic risk.
- [Climate Change, Uncertainty, and Global Catastrophic Risk](https://gcri.org/publications/research/climate-change-uncertainty-gcr): Is climate change a global catastrophic risk? This paper, published in the journal Futures, addresses the question by examining the definition of global catastrophic risk and by comparing climate change to another severe global risk, nuclear winter. The paper concludes that yes, climate change is a global catastrophic risk, and potentially a significant one.
- [Assessing the Risk of Takeover Catastrophe from Large Language Models](https://gcri.org/publications/research/llm-takeover): For over 50 years, experts have worried about the risk of AI taking over the world and killing everyone. The concern had always been about hypothetical future AI systems—until recent LLMs emerged. This paper, published in the journal Risk Analysis, assesses how close LLMs are to having the capabilities needed to cause takeover catastrophe.
- [On the Intrinsic Value of Diversity](https://gcri.org/publications/research/intrinsic-value-diversity): Diversity is a major ethics concept, but it is remarkably understudied. This paper, published in the journal Inquiry, presents a foundational study of the ethics of diversity. It adapts ideas about biodiversity and sociodiversity to the overall category of diversity. It also presents three new thought experiments, with implications for AI ethics.
- [Manipulating Aggregate Societal Values to Bias AI Social Choice Ethics](https://gcri.org/publications/research/manipulating-aggregate-values-ai): AI ethics concepts like value alignment propose something similar to democracy, aggregating individual values into a social choice. This paper, published in the journal AI and Ethics, explores the potential for AI systems to be manipulated in ways analogous to sham elections in authoritarian regimes.
- [The Origin and Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Expert Survey](https://gcri.org/publications/research/covid-origin): Was COVID-19 caused by a natural spillover from wild animals to humans or a research-related accident? And what would each potential origin mean for future pandemics? This report addresses these questions in a survey of 168 virologists, infectious disease epidemiologists, and other scientists from 47 countries.
- [2023 Annual Report](https://gcri.org/about/annual-report/2023): In 2023, GCRI had a staff transition and invested in learning about public scholarship opportunities. GCRI published research on public health implications of nuclear winter and all-hazards policy, conducted outreach on climate change mitigation, and ran successful programs to support the field of global catastrophic risk.
- [2023 GCRI Fellowship Program](https://gcri.org/programs/fellowship/2023): GCRI is pleased to announce the 2023 Fellowship Program. The GCRI Fellowship Program serves to highlight exceptional individuals that GCRI had the opportunity to partner with over the course of the year. It is part of GCRI’s work to support the broader field of global catastrophic risk. This year, we have three new Fellows.
- [Summary of the 2023 Advising and Collaboration Program](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2023-summary): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is an opportunity for anyone interested in global catastrophic risk to get more involved in the field. The 2023 program received inquiries from 50 people in 15 countries. We held 44 advising calls and 3 group calls. We also made 54 private introductions for professional networking.
- [All-Hazards Policy for Global Catastrophic Risk](https://gcri.org/publications/research/all-hazards-policy): Whereas government policy for global catastrophic risk often addresses one risk at a time, this report argues that governments should pursue policies that address multiple global catastrophic risks at a time. All-hazards policies would leverage similarities and linkages between the risks to achieve more benefits for reducing the risk.
- [Open Call for Advisees and Collaborators, August 2023](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2023-call): GCRI is currently welcoming inquiries from people who are interested in seeking our advice and/or collaborating with us as part of our fifth annual Advising and Collaboration Program. The program welcomes people at all career points, backgrounds, and locations worldwide. UPDATE: The call for advisees and collaborators is now closed.
- [Public Health and Nuclear Winter: Addressing a Catastrophic Threat](https://gcri.org/publications/research/public-health-nuclear-winter): A large nuclear war may cause a global public health catastrophe via the environmental effect known as nuclear winter. However, the field of public health has done little. Therefore, this paper, published in the Journal of Public Health Policy, outlines a public health research and policy agenda to address the threat.
- [GCRI Statement on Race and Intelligence](https://gcri.org/about/statements/race-and-intelligence): In January 2023, a senior scholar of global catastrophic risk made deeply problematic remarks about the idea of a genetic basis of racial differences in intelligence. GCRI’s statement explains why the remarks were both morally and intellectually misguided and provides guidance for how the field of global catastrophic risk can do better.
- [GCRI Statement on the Demographic Diversity of the GCRI Team, January 2023](https://gcri.org/about/statements/diversity-gcri-2023): Recent staff departures resulted in the GCRI team consisting exclusively of White males from very similar backgrounds. GCRI’s statement expresses regret for this situation. GCRI is committed to advancing demographic diversity both for its own sake and for the benefits it brings to advancing efforts to address global catastrophic risk.
- [Even with Electric Vehicles, an Expanded Turnpike Extension Would Be Bad for the Environment](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/expanded-turnpike-extension-environment): Transportation is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions. This commentary, published in The Jersey Journal, argues against a proposed transportation project in New Jersey near Manhattan on grounds that it would worsen climate change and other environmental harms by increasing car usage instead of other transportation modes.
- [New York’s Housing Plans Must Address Affordability—& Climate Change](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/new-york-housing-affordability-climate): High-density urban design is energy efficient, but many cities don’t have enough, resulting in high housing costs. This commentary, published in City Limits, a news publication focused on New York City policy issues, calls for an ambitious increase in the local housing supply to address both affordability and climate change.
- [2022 Annual Report](https://gcri.org/about/annual-report/2022): In 2022, major events involving Ukraine, climate change, and FTX brought global catastrophic risk into the headlines. GCRI contributed to the public media conversation. GCRI also published on COVID-19, natural hazards, and more, and ran successful programs to support the field of global catastrophic risk.
- [GCRI Media Engagement on the Russian Invasion of Ukraine](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-media-engagement-on-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine): The Russian invasion of Ukraine brought global public attention to the risk of nuclear war. To support public understanding of the risk, GCRI conducted a stretch of media outreach on both social and traditional media, including appearances in ABC Radio National (Australia), Newsweek, Sky News, and Times Radio (UK).
- [Summary of the 2022 Advising and Collaboration Program](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2022-summary): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is an opportunity for anyone interested in global catastrophic risk to get more involved in the field. The 2022 program received inquiries from 73 people in 26 countries. We held 48 advising calls and made 22 private introductions for professional networking.
- [2022 GCRI Fellowship Program](https://gcri.org/programs/fellowship/2022): GCRI is pleased to announce the 2022 Fellowship Program. The GCRI Fellowship Program serves to highlight exceptional individuals that GCRI had the opportunity to partner with over the course of the year. It is part of GCRI’s work to support the broader field of global catastrophic risk. This year, we have four new Fellows.
- [GCRI Statement on the Ethics of Funding Sources](https://gcri.org/about/statements/ethics-of-funding-sources): Prior to its November 2022 collapse, the FTX cryptocurrency company was a major funder of work on global catastrophic risks. GCRI’s statement explains the limited prior relationship between GCRI and FTX and articulates the need for GCRI and other organizations to exercise caution in deciding which funds to consider receiving.
- [Assessing Natural Global Catastrophic Risks](https://gcri.org/publications/research/assessing-natural-gcrs): A paradox: if natural threats risk to humanity are so large, then why haven’t we been wiped out yet? This paper, published in the journal Natural Hazards, argues that, contrary to prior thinking, this deep human history may actually have little bearing on the current risk from natural sources. Instead, analysis of each risk is needed.
- [Doing Better on Climate Change](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/doing-better-on-climate-change): Climate change poses major threats, but some work on global catastrophic risk downplays these threats because other threats may be more severe. This commentary, published in the Effective Altruism Forum, argues against downplaying climate change and for attention to the best ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
- [Nonhuman Value: A Survey of the Intrinsic Valuation of Natural and Artificial Nonhuman Entities](https://gcri.org/publications/research/nonhuman-value): The concept of global catastrophe is almost always regarded as something bad that happens to humans, but moral philosophy often considers that bad things can also happen to nonhumans. This paper, published in the journal Science and Engineering Ethics, surveys the wide range of ideas about the intrinsic moral value of nonhumans.
- [Space Expansion Must Support Sustainability - On Earth and in Space](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/space-expansion-support-sustainability): Outer space is sometimes portrayed as a solution to unsustainable resources extraction on Earth. This commentary, published in RUSI Commentary, argues that these portrayals misunderstand sustainability issues, neglecting the importance of pollution such as is causing climate change. The commentary calls for a more sustainable space sector.
- [Open Call for Advisees and Collaborators, May 2022](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2022-call): GCRI is currently welcoming inquiries from people who are interested in seeking our advice and/or collaborating with us as part of our fourth annual Advising and Collaboration Program. The program welcomes people at all career points, backgrounds, and locations worldwide. UPDATE: The call for advisees and collaborators is now closed.
- [Book Review: The Precipice](https://gcri.org/publications/research/book-review-the-precipice): The book The Precipice by Toby Ord provides a broad survey of topics related to global catastrophic risk. This review, published in the journal Risk Analysis, finds that the book does several things well compared to other books on global catastrophic risk, but it falls short in other respects, making it a good if imperfect contribution.
- [Pandemic Refuges: Lessons from Two Years of COVID-19](https://gcri.org/publications/research/pandemic-refuges-covid): Refuges could ensure that some people survive a global catastrophe, but past refuge proposals have been highly theoretical. This paper, published in the journal Risk Analysis, shows that refuges have some real-world viability: during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, jurisdictions such as China and Western Australia served as refuges.
- [Early Reflections and Resources on the Russian Invasion of Ukraine](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/early-reflections-resources-russian-invasion-ukraine): In February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. This commentary, published in March 2022 in the Effective Altruism Forum, presents preliminary analysis of the invasion for a global catastrophic risk audience. It discusses nuclear war risk, the changing geopolitical landscape, and recommendations for personal preparedness and philanthropy.
- [How to Evaluate the Risk of Nuclear War](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/how-to-evaluate-risk-nuclear-war): The Russian invasion of Ukraine has brought nuclear war risk back to the forefront. This commentary, published in BBC Future, discusses the quantitative analysis of nuclear war risk. It addresses the risk from the invasion and also covers more general analytical issues, such as found in GCRI’s nuclear war research.
- [GCRI Recommendations to the OSTP on the National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan](https://gcri.org/about/updates/ostp-submission-2022): The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) requested input from the public on potential revisions to the strategic plan related to AI R&D. GCRI’s recommendations emphasize social and ethical dimensions of AI R&D in order to reduce risks to humans and the environment, including catastrophic risks.
- [GCRI Statement on the Russian Invasion of Ukraine](https://gcri.org/about/statements/russian-invasion-of-ukraine): The Russian invasion of Ukraine has been a harsh reminder of the potential for events to take a turn for the worse. GCRI’s statement condemns the actions of the Russian government, expresses sympathy for the people of Ukraine, and discusses how the war can affect global catastrophic risk, including the risk of nuclear war.
- [GCRI Statement on Pluralism in the Field of Global Catastrophic Risk](https://gcri.org/about/statements/pluralism): Global catastrophic risk is an important societal issue area. As such, it is to be expected that there will be a variety of views on it. GCRI’s statement describes the ways in which pluralism can be valuable to the field of global catastrophic risk and elaborates on the role of pluralism regarding the ethical foundations of the field.
- [Greening the Universe: The Case for Ecocentric Space Expansion](https://gcri.org/publications/research/greening-the-universe): If a global catastrophe occurs, it could prevent human civilization from, among other things, expanding into outer space. This raises the question of what civilization might do in space. This paper, published in the edited volume Reclaiming Space, presents a vision in which civilization spreads flourishing ecosystems across the cosmos.
- [GCRI Receives $200,000 for 2022 Work on AI](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-receives-200000-for-2022-work-on-ai): We are delighted to announce that GCRI has received a $200,000 donation from Gordon Irlam to fund AI project work in 2022. The funded projects include: research on the ethics of AGI; research on military AGI; implementation of ideas for improving AI governance; research on AGI scenarios; and policy outreach.
- [From AI for People to AI for the World and the Universe](https://gcri.org/publications/research/ai-for-people-world-universe): Work on AI ethics often focuses on the value of AI to human populations, such as work on “AI for People”. This short paper, published in the journal AI & Society, argues that these initiatives identify some important issues but err in neglecting nonhumans. The paper calls for expanding AI ethics to better account for nonhumans.
- [2021 Annual Report](https://gcri.org/about/annual-report/2021): In 2021, GCRI produced more work than ever boosted by a growing team and a rich network of outside collaborators. GCRI published eight research papers, all on AI, conducted outreach on AI to NIST and IEEE, gave eight public presentations, and ran successful programs to support the field of global catastrophic risk.
- [Summary of the 2021 Advising and Collaboration Program](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2021-summary): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is an opportunity for anyone interested in global catastrophic risk to get more involved in the field. The 2021 program received inquiries from 96 people in 24 countries. We held 99 advising calls and made 44 private introductions for professional networking.
- [2021 Advising and Collaboration Program Testimonials](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2021-testimonials): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is an opportunity for anyone interested in global catastrophic risk to get more involved in the field. In the 2021 program, six participants shared testimonials of their experience, describing how the program helped them learn more, build their networks, and advance their careers.
- [Collaborative Publishing with GCRI](https://gcri.org/about/updates/collaborative-publishing): GCRI publications are often co-authored with people from outside the organization. This collaborative publishing brings more perspectives and expertise into the research, strengthens professional networks, and supports professional development. It is especially important because global catastrophic risk is a highly complex, interdisciplinary topic.
- [The Ethics of Sustainability for Artificial Intelligence](https://gcri.org/publications/research/ethics-sustainability-ai): AI technology can have significant implications for sustainability. This paper, presented at the conference AI for People: Towards Sustainable AI, provides a foundational ethical analysis of sustainability for AI, characterizes existing work, and argues for a specific view addressing limitations of the sustainability concept.
- [Artificial Intelligence Needs Environmental Ethics](https://gcri.org/publications/research/ai-environmental-ethics): AI is an interdisciplinary topic, benefiting from contributions from many disciplines. This short paper, published in the journal Ethics, Policy, & Environment, calls for contributions from environmental ethics to study environmental dimensions of AI, the future-orientation of AI issues, and novel situations such as artificial life and ecosystems.
- [Common Points of Advice for Students and Early-Career Professionals Interested in Global Catastrophic Risk](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2021-common-points-of-advice): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program engages with many people pursuing careers in global catastrophic risk. In this post, GCRI Executive Director Seth Baum shares advice that he frequently gives to students and early-career participants in the program, covering nuances of career development for global catastrophic risk.
- [The Inaugural 2021 GCRI Fellowship Program](https://gcri.org/programs/fellowship/2021): GCRI is delighted to announce the formation of a new Fellowship Program and the members of the inaugural 2021 GCRI Fellowship class. The Fellowship Program recognizes a select group of 12 individuals who have made exceptional contributions to addressing global catastrophic risk in collaboration with GCRI during the year 2021.
- [GCRI at SRA 2021 Annual Meeting](https://gcri.org/events/sra/2021): Part of GCRI’s presence at the Society for Risk Analysis. Global Catastrophic Risk Session and Poster Presentation, Society for Risk Analysis 2021 Annual Meeting, 5-9 December, Washington, DC. Three presentations covering military AI and global catastrophic risk, moral circle expansion, and policy attention to catastrophic risk.
- [The Case for Long-Term Corporate Governance of AI](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/long-term-corporate-governance-ai): Some AI could substantially effect the long-term future. This commentary, published in the Effective Altruism Forum, argues that such AI merits robust corporate governance, documents a neglect of corporate governance in the long-term AI space, and presents tractable steps to improve the long-term corporate governance of AI.
- [Artificial Intelligence, Systemic Risks, and Sustainability](https://gcri.org/publications/research/ai-systemic-risks-sustainability): AI factors in many global catastrophic risks. This paper, published in the Technology in Society, shows that AI can worsen systemic risks involving environmental sustainability, such as by systematically omitting the local knowledge of farmers and making digital agriculture systems more vulnerable to catastrophic accidents and cyber attacks.
- [Corporate Governance of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Interest](https://gcri.org/publications/research/corporate-governance-ai-public-interest): Private corporations are at the forefront of AI. This paper, published in the journal Information, surveys how to orient AI corporate governance toward the public interest, covering nine types of actors: management, workers, investors, corporate partners, industry consortia, nonprofit organizations, the public, the media, and governments.
- [Collective Action on Artificial Intelligence: A Primer and Review](https://gcri.org/publications/research/collective-action-ai): Developing safe and beneficial AI will require collective action: outcomes will depend on the actions of many people. However, prior research is poorly grounded in the social science of collective action. This paper, published in the journal Technology in Society, provides a primer on the topic and a review of the literature.
- [Moral Consideration of Nonhumans in the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence](https://gcri.org/publications/research/moral-consideration-nonhumans-ai): In AI ethics, a major theme is the challenge of aligning AI to human values, but this raises the question of the role of nonhumans. This paper, published in the journal AI & Ethics, documents widespread neglect of nonhumans in AI ethics and argues for giving nonhumans adequate attention, including to avoid potentially catastrophic outcomes.
- [AI Certification: Advancing Ethical Practice by Reducing Information Asymmetries](https://gcri.org/publications/research/ai-certification): Certification is used to convey to outside parties that an entity has met some sort of performance standard. This paper, published in the journal IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society, presents an overview of AI certification, surveys existing programs, and considers applications for future AI technology.
- [Open Call for Advisees and Collaborators, May 2021](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2021-call): GCRI is currently welcoming inquiries from people who are interested in seeking our advice and/or collaborating with us as part of our third annual Advising and Collaboration Program. The program welcomes people at all career points, backgrounds, and locations worldwide. UPDATE: The call for advisees and collaborators is now closed.
- [GCRI Receives $200,000 for 2021 Work on AI](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-receives-200000-for-2021-work-on-ai): We are delighted to announce that GCRI has received a $200,000 donation from Gordon Irlam to fund AI project work in 2021. The funded projects include: merits of raising awareness about AGI; current policy measures to improve future AGI outcomes; near-term steps to improve future AGI policy; and AGI policy outreach.
- [GCRI Welcomes Research Associate Andrea Owe](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-welcomes-research-associate-andrea-owe): GCRI is delighted to announce our newest team member, Andrea Owe. Ms. Owe will work as a Research Associate, contributing primarily to GCRI’s research on ethics and artificial intelligence. Prior to joining GCRI, she ran a research consultancy in applied ethics and future studies. She is also active in the field of space ethics.
- [In Memory of John Garrick](https://gcri.org/about/updates/in-memory-of-john-garrick): Garrick’s contributions to global catastrophic risk are numerous. In 2014, Garrick helped found the Garrick Institute for the Risk Sciences at UCLA. We at GCRI send our heartfelt condolences to the Garrick family, and we look forward to maintaining a strong relationship with our colleagues at the Garrick Institute.
- [GCRI Receives $209,000 for General Support](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-receives-209000-for-general-support): We are delighted to announce that GCRI has received a $209,000 grant from Jaan Tallinn via the Survival and Flourishing Fund. The grant is for general support for GCRI. We are grateful for this grant. We look forward to using it to advance our mission of developing the best ways to confront humanity’s gravest threats.
- [GCRI Statement on the January 6 US Capitol Insurrection](https://gcri.org/about/statements/january-6): On January 6, right-wing domestic violent extremists stormed the US Capitol to threaten Congress and disrupt certification of the Electoral College vote. GCRI’s statement unequivocally opposes all forms of political violence. The statement additionally relates the insurrection to global catastrophic risk, including apocalyptic ideology.
- [2020 Survey of Artificial General Intelligence Projects for Ethics, Risk, and Policy](https://gcri.org/publications/research/2020-survey-agi-projects): An AI system with wide-ranging general intelligence could bring massive benefits or catastrophic harms, if it is built. This report surveys the global space of projects seeking to build artificial general intelligence. It finds 72 projects across 37 countries, with wide variation in parameters of relevance to AI governance.
- [2020 Annual Report](https://gcri.org/about/annual-report/2020): In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic put the world on alert for global catastrophe. GCRI, being built for remote collaboration, was relatively unaffected. GCRI published research on AI, asteroids, and risk methodology, conducted outreach related to COVID-19, and ran successful programs to support the field of global catastrophic risk.
- [Accounting for Violent Conflict Risk in Planetary Defense Decisions](https://gcri.org/publications/research/violent-conflict-planetary-defense): Planetary defense is the defense of Earth from collisions with asteroids, comets and meteoroids. This paper, published in the journal Acta Astronautica, argues for planetary defense to also cover risks from violent conflict, including the use of nuclear explosives for planetary defense and the risk that a collision event could cause nuclear war.
- [Quantifying the Probability of Existential Catastrophe: A Reply to Beard et al.](https://gcri.org/publications/research/quantifying-probability-beard-et-al): A major challenge for work on global catastrophic risk and existential risk is that the risks are very difficult to quantify. This paper, published in the journal Futures, expands on an excellent recent article by Simon Beard and colleagues to further clarify the challenge of quantifying the probability, covering definitional and methodological issues.
- [Summary of January-July 2020 Advising and Collaboration Program](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2020-summary): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is an opportunity for anyone interested in global catastrophic risk to get more involved in the field. The 2020 program received inquiries from 60 people in 17 countries. We held 41 advising calls and made 13 private introductions for professional networking.
- [Artificial Interdisciplinarity: Artificial Intelligence for Research on Complex Societal Problems](https://gcri.org/publications/research/artificial-interdisciplinarity): Interdisciplinary research is essential for complex societal problems like global catastrophic risk, but the sheer breadth of knowledge required for it poses major challenges for the human mind. This paper, published in the journal Philosophy & Technology, explores the use of AI to help with these challenges.
- [GCRI Receives $140,000 for General Support](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-receives-140000-for-general-support): We are delighted to announce that GCRI has received $140,000 in grants from Jaan Tallinn and Jed McCalebvia the Survival and Flourishing Fund. The grants are for general support for GCRI. We are grateful for the grants. We look forward to using them to advance our mission of developing the best ways to confront humanity’s gravest threats.
- [Deep Learning and the Sociology of Human-Level Artificial Intelligence](https://gcri.org/publications/research/deep-learning-sociology-hlai): The book Artifictional Intelligence by sociologist Harry Collins provides a critical outside perspective on the field of AI. This review, published in the journal Metascience, finds that the book provides some interesting perspective, but errs in treating human-level AI as a scientific endeavor without considering its ethical and societal implications.
- [The Unthinkable Is Possible](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/the-unthinkable-is-possible): To some, a tragedy as severe as COVID-19 seemed unthinkable. This commentary, published in California Magazine, argues that COVID-19 was not unthinkable pandemics experts, and much of the tragedy could have been avoided if others had heeded their warnings, and society should do better for future catastrophes.
- [GCRI Statement on Racism](https://gcri.org/about/statements/racism): The tragic killings of Ahmaud Arbery, George Floyd, and Breonna Taylor sparked massive response in the US and around the world. The GCRI statement rejects racism and explains the importance of saying that Black lives matter. The statement additionally relates racism to global catastrophic risk as global-scale social and ethical issues.
- [Medium-Term Artificial Intelligence and Society](https://gcri.org/publications/research/medium-term-ai): There is contentious debate between those who favor attention to near-term vs. long-term AI, but the medium-term has gone largely neglected. This paper, published in the journal Information, addresses how the definition of medium-term AI and explains how it can help find common ground in the AI debate.
- [GCRI Welcomes Project Manager and Research Assistant McKenna Fitzgerald](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-welcomes-project-manager-and-research-assistant-mckenna-fitzgerald): GCRI is delighted to announce our newest team member, McKenna Fitzgerald. Ms. Fitzgerald will lead the management of GCRI’s projects and contribute to GCRI research. Prior to joining GCRI, Ms. Fitzgerald worked as Director of Academic Affairs at the Consulate General of Israel in San Francisco, with a focus on AI and related technologies.
- [The Defense Production Act and the Failure to Prepare for Catastrophic Incidents](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/defense-production-act-failure-to-prepare): The Defense Production Act enables the US government to leverage private industry capabilities to respond to crises. This commentary, published in the War on the Rocks, argues that the act is underutilized, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, part of a broader systemic failure to prepare for catastrophes.
- [GCRI Statement on the COVID-19 Pandemic](https://gcri.org/about/statements/covid-19): The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is already the most severe global event in decades. The GCRI statement provides initial thoughts on the pandemic, emphasizing the importance of slowing the spread of the disease. It also draws some initial lessons from the pandemic for the broader study of global catastrophic risk.
- [Job Posting: Junior Research Assistant and Project Manager](https://gcri.org/about/updates/job-posting-junior-research-assistant-and-project-manager): The Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (GCRI) seeks to hire one or more people for research assistant and project manager roles. We aim to hire one person on a full-time basis and/or multiple people on a part-time basis. UPDATE: The Junior Research Assistant and Project Manager position has been filled and this job posting is now closed.
- [Call for Advisees and Collaborators for Select AI Projects, January 2020](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2020-call): GCRI is currently welcoming inquiries from people who are interested in seeking our advice and/or collaborating with us as part of our second annual Advising and Collaboration Program. The program welcomes people at all career points, backgrounds, and locations worldwide. UPDATE: The call for advisees and collaborators is now closed.
- [GCRI Receives $250,000 for 2020 Work on AI](https://gcri.org/about/updates/gcri-receives-250000-for-2020-work-on-ai): We are delighted to announce that GCRI has received a $250,000 donation from Gordon Irlam to fund AI project work in 2020. The funded projects include: research on international institutions for AI; research on AGI expertise; research on transfer of safety techniques to AGI projects; and research on global strategy for AGI.
- [2019 Annual Report](https://gcri.org/about/annual-report/2019): In 2019, GCRI experienced growth and launched a new Advising and Collaboration Program. GCRI published research on the use of nuclear explosives for asteroid deflection and lessons for the study of AI from other catastrophic risks, conducted outreach the importance of global catastrophic risk, and spoke at events around the world.
- [Lessons for Artificial Intelligence from Other Global Risks](https://gcri.org/publications/research/lessons-ai-other-global-risks): The study of AI risk is relatively new, but it can potentially learn a lot from the study of similar, better-studied risks. This new paper, published in the collection The Global Politics of Artificial Intelligence, draws lessons from four other risks: biotechnology, nuclear weapons, global warming, and asteroids.
- [My Experience with the GCRI Advising/Collaboration Program: A Junior Collaborator from Singapore](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2019-my-experience-singapore): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is an opportunity for anyone interested in global catastrophic risk to get more involved in the field. In the 2019 program, one participant was Singapore native Jia Yuan Loke, who shares his experience with the program including a collaboration on AI governance research.
- [Summary of 2019 Advising and Collaboration Program](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2019-summary): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is a new initiative to support the field of global catastrophic risk. The program went quite well. We received inquiries from 76 people in over 20 countries. We held 33 advising calls and 5 group calls. We also made 27 private introductions for professional networking.
- [Book Review: End Times](https://gcri.org/publications/research/book-review-end-times): The book End Times by Bryan Walsh provides a broad survey of the field of global catastrophic risk. This review, published in the journal Science, finds the book to be highly readable, raising two important questions: What makes people take risks seriously? What can be done if people are not motivated to pay attention to warnings about risk?
- [The Challenge of Analyzing Global Catastrophic Risks](https://gcri.org/publications/research/challenge-of-analyzing-gcrs): The quantification of global catastrophic risks in terms of their probabilities and severities is difficult, but it is important for many decisions. This short paper, published in Decision Analysis Today, a publication of the Decision Analysis Society, summarizes the challenge of quantitatively analyzing global catastrophic risks.
- [GCRI at SRA 2019 Annual Meeting](https://gcri.org/events/sra/2019): Part of GCRI’s presence at the Society for Risk Analysis. Global Catastrophic Risk Session and Poster Presentation, Society for Risk Analysis 2019 Annual Meeting, 8-12 December, Arlington, VA. Six presentations covering decision analysis, US policy, biotechnology, psychology, regulation, and AI alignment.
- [Risk-Risk Tradeoff Analysis of Nuclear Explosives for Asteroid Deflection](https://gcri.org/publications/research/nuclear-explosives-asteroid-deflection): If an asteroid is found to be on collision course with Earth, it may be possible to deflect it away using nuclear explosives. This paper, published in the journal Risk Analysis, analyzes the potential tradeoff between reducing the risk of asteroid collision and increasing the risk of nuclear war or other violent conflict.
- [Open Call for Advisees and Collaborators, May 2019](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration/2019-call): GCRI is welcoming inquiries from people who are interested in seeking our advice and/or collaborating with us on projects. We are holding a preliminary, informal, open call for people at all career points interested in working on any aspect of global catastrophic risk. UPDATE: The call for advisees and collaborators is now closed.
- [Why Catastrophes Can Change the Course of Humanity](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary/why-catastrophes-change-course-of-humanity): Global catastrophes would cause extreme harm when they occur, but the harm to future generations could be even larger. This commentary, published in BBC Future, argues that catastrophes should be evaluated in terms of their long-term impacts to guide efforts to avoid catastrophes or help survivors recover from them.
- [Evaluating Future Nanotechnology: The Net Societal Impacts of Atomically Precise Manufacturing](https://gcri.org/publications/research/evaluating-future-nanotechnology): Atomically precise manufacturing (APM) is a hypothetical future technology that could have dramatic societal impacts. This paper, published in the journal Futures, assesses the net societal impacts of APM across six sectors: general material wealth, environmental issues, military affairs, surveillance, artificial intelligence, and space travel.

## Pages

- [Marissa Yingling](https://gcri.org/people/marissa-yingling)
- [Charlton Yingling](https://gcri.org/people/charlton-yingling)
- [Videos](https://gcri.org/videos)
- [Climate & Environment](https://gcri.org/topics/climate-environment)
- [Artificial Intelligence](https://gcri.org/topics/artificial-intelligence)
- [Solutions & Strategy](https://gcri.org/topics/solutions-strategy)
- [Risk & Decision Analysis](https://gcri.org/topics/risk-decision)
- [Nuclear War](https://gcri.org/topics/nuclear-war)
- [Cross-Risk Systems](https://gcri.org/topics/cross-risk)
- [Outer Space](https://gcri.org/topics/outer-space): Outer space offers valuable perspective. When viewing Earth from outer space, we are reminded of how small we are, but also how special we are. If humanity can avoid global catastrophe, it can go on to pursue astronomically large opportunities in outer space. However, outer space is also a source of threats to life on Earth.
- [Ethics](https://gcri.org/topics/ethics): Ethics is the study of what we should do and how we should live our lives. Concern about global catastrophic risk often comes from an ethical concern for all those who may be harmed or killed by global catastrophe, including people around the world and in the future. Other related issues also raise profound ethical challenges.
- [Pandemics & Biorisk](https://gcri.org/topics/pandemics-biorisk): Many of the worst catastrophes in history have been pandemics, from the Black Death plague to COVID-19. Modern biotechnology enhances the ability to respond to outbreaks while creating new risks to humans and other species. It is important to address the full range of biological risks, including those with catastrophic potential.
- [Resilience & Recovery](https://gcri.org/topics/resilience-recovery): How resilient is human civilization to global catastrophes? And if civilization collapses, would survivors recover? These questions are deeply important to the study of global catastrophic risk and can guide policy to mitigate the consequences. However, these questions have gone remarkably understudied and under-addressed.
- [Annual Reports](https://gcri.org/about/annual-report): GCRI has published annual reports for every year since 2018. The annual reports document accomplishments over the past year, covering matters such as research publications, outreach activities, and programs. The annual reports also provide general updates on the organization and the broader domain of global catastrophic risk. 
- [Matthijs Maas](https://gcri.org/people/matthijs-maas): Matthijs Maas was as a GCRI Junior Associate during 2016-2018. He contributed to GCRI research on AI governance and international security and to the monitoring of current events related to global catastrophic risk. He was a PhD Fellow at the University of Copenhagen’s Centre for International Law, Conflict and Crisis.
- [News Summaries](https://gcri.org/publications/news-summaries): During 2013-2016, GCRI published, on a roughly monthly basis, a series of news summaries covering a wide range of matters related to global catastrophic risk. The news summaries covered matters including current events, policy initiatives, research publications, public debates, and activities within the field of global catastrophic risk.
- [Events](https://gcri.org/events): This is an archival page for prior events hosted by GCRI. GCRI does not currently host events. Prior events fit within three different event series: activities at conferences of the Society for Risk Analysis, online lectures featuring presentations by notable experts, and discussion groups featuring group discussion on specific themes.
- [Discussion Groups](https://gcri.org/events/discussion-groups): This is an archival page for the series of discussion groups that GCRI hosted during 2012. GCRI does not currently host events. The GCRI discussion groups were a short series of invite-only events held with select experts on global catastrophic risk topics. They facilitated dialog and networking while getting GCRI up to speed.
- [GCRI at SRA](https://gcri.org/events/sra): This is an archival page for the series of events at meetings of the Society for Risk Analysis that GCRI hosted during 2010-2021. GCRI does not currently host events. The Society for Risk Analysis (SRA) is the leading professional society for almost all types of risk. GCRI has close ties to SRA tracing back to before GCRI was founded.
- [Online Lectures](https://gcri.org/events/online-lectures): This is an archival page for the series of online lectures that GCRI hosted during 2012-2013. GCRI does not currently host events. Online lectures covered topics such as outer space, geoengineering, food crises, ethics, artificial intelligence, chemical pollution, pathogens, asteroids, the psychology of probability, and visual analytics.
- [Fellowship Program](https://gcri.org/programs/fellowship): The GCRI Fellowship Program recognizes a select group of individuals who make exceptional contributions to addressing global catastrophic risk in collaboration with GCRI during a calendar year. The program does not accept applications. Instead, it serves to recognize people who collaborate on projects with GCRI.
- [Advising and Collaboration Program](https://gcri.org/programs/advising-collaboration): The GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program is the primary way people can get involved with GCRI. The program welcomes people at all career points, professional backgrounds, and geographic locations. The program is part of GCRI’s commitment to fostering an inclusive and welcoming global catastrophic risk community.
- [Programs](https://gcri.org/programs): GCRI runs programs to support the wider field of global catastrophic risk. Supporting the field is one of GCRI’s primary goals. Global catastrophic risk is a complex, multifaceted issue. It benefits greatly from having the involvement of a diverse group of talented people with different backgrounds, experiences, and areas of expertise.
- [Steven Umbrello](https://gcri.org/people/steven-umbrello): Steven Umbrello was a Junior Associate at GCRI during 2015-2018, contributing research on emerging technologies risk, with an emphasis on advanced nanotechnology. He was also an M.Sc. student in Epistemology, Ethics and Mind at University of Edinburgh, an M.A. student in Science and Technology Studies at York University.
- [Kelly Hostetler](https://gcri.org/people/kelly-hostetler): Kelly Hostetler was a Research Assistant at GCRI during 2011-2012,contributing to research on the risk of inadvertent nuclear war. Kelly received a B.S. in Political Science from Columbia University (2011). After working with GCRI, Kelly enrolled in the Master of Urban Planning program at the University of Washington.
- [Roman Yampolskiy](https://gcri.org/people/roman-yampolskiy): Roman Yampolskiy was a GCRI Associate during 2015-2018. He contributed research on AI risk. Dr. Yampolskiy also worked as an Associate Professor of Computer Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Louisville. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from the University at Buffalo.
- [David Denkenberger](https://gcri.org/people/david-denkenberger): David Denkenberger was a GCRI Associate during 2013-2018, contributing research on technological solutions to reduce global catastrophic risks. He was also Co-Founder and Director of the Alliance to Feed the Earth in Disasters and an Assistant Professor in Architectural Engineering at Tennessee State University in Nashville.
- [Jacob Haqq-Misra](https://gcri.org/people/jacob-haqq-misra): Jacob Haqq-Misra was a GCRI Associate during 2013-2018. He was also a Research Scientist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science and a Director of Blue Marble Space. He holds a Ph.D. in Meteorology & Astrobiology from Pennsylvania State University. His research interests include astrobiology and environmental change.
- [Trevor White](https://gcri.org/people/trevor-white): Trevor White was as a GCRI Junior Associate during 2015-2017. He contributed to GCRI research on AI governance, with emphasis on the potential role of liability law. He was also a J.D. student at Cornell Law School. He previously received a B.A. in English Language and Literature from the University of Washington.
- [Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh](https://gcri.org/people/sean-o-heigeartaigh): Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh has served as a GCRI Senior Advisor since 2018. Dr. Ó hÉigeartaigh is Programme Director of the AI: Futures and Responsibility Programme at the University of Cambridge. He previously worked as Executive Director of the Centre for the Study of Existential Risk at the University of Cambridge.
- [Timothy Maher](https://gcri.org/people/timothy-maher): Timothy Maher previously served as a GCRI Research Assistant during 2012-2015. He also worked in catastrophe insurance at Aon. He began with GCRI as an intern through the Bard College M.S. program in Climate Science and Policy. He previously received a B.S. in Astrophysics from the University of Missouri – St. Louis.
- [Rumtin Sepasspour](https://gcri.org/people/rumtin-sepasspour): Rumtin Sepasspour is a contributing researcher at GCRI. His primary position is as Co-Founder and Director of Policy of Global Shield, an international organization advocating for policy action on global catastrophic risk. He is also a Visiting Fellow of School of Regulation and Global Governance at Australian National University.
- [Robert de Neufville](https://gcri.org/people/robert-de-neufville): Robert de Neufville worked as GCRI Director of Communications during 2019-2021 and as a Research Associate during 2013-2018. He also wrote for Anthropocene and was a contributing blogger at Big Think and The Economist’s Democracy in America. He holds an M.A. in political science from the University of California, Berkeley.
- [McKenna Fitzgerald](https://gcri.org/people/mckenna-fitzgerald): McKenna Fitzgerald worked as Deputy Director of GCRI during 2021-2023 and as Project Manager and Research Assistant during 2020-2021. In these roles, Ms. Fitzgerald led the management of GCRI’s projects and contributed to GCRI’s research. She has a B.A. in Philosophy from the University of California, Berkeley.
- [Jia Yuan Loke](https://gcri.org/people/jia-yuan-loke): Jia Yuan Loke was a participant in the 2019 GCRI Advising and Collaboration Program. He contributed to GCRI research on collective action on artificial intelligence, drawing on related social science research. He was also a Research Associate at the Centre for AI & Data Governance at Singapore Management University.
- [Jared Brown](https://gcri.org/people/jared-brown): Jared Brown served as Special Advisor for Government Affairs at GCRI during 2019-2021. He also was Senior Advisor for Government Affairs at the Future of Life Institute. He previously worked in Emergency Management and Homeland Security Policy at the US Congressional Research Service and at the US Department of Transportation.
- [Grant Wilson](https://gcri.org/people/grant-wilson): Grant Wilson worked as Deputy Director of GCRI during 2013-2018 and as a Professional Associate during 2012-2013. He holds a J.D. degree from Lewis & Clark Law School (2012) with a focus on international environmental law and emerging technologies and a B.A. in Environmental Policy from Western Washington University.
- [Andrea Owe](https://gcri.org/people/andrea-owe): Andrea Owe worked as a GCRI Research Associate during 2021-2022, with a focus on environmental ethics dimensions of global catastrophic risk, artificial intelligence, and big-picture futures for the universe. Ms. Owe holds an M.Phil in Development, Environment and Cultural Change from the University of Oslo.
- [Gary Ackerman](https://gcri.org/people/gary-ackerman): Gary Ackerman has served as a GCRI Senior Advisor since 2018. An expert in national and international security, Dr. Ackerman is Associate Professor at the University at Albany, State University of New York, where he co-leads the Center for Advanced Red Teaming. He is also CEO of Nemesys Insights LLC.
- [Anthony Barrett](https://gcri.org/people/anthony-barrett): Anthony Barrett has served as a GCRI Senior Advisor since 2024. He previously served as GCRI’s co-founder and Director of Research. Dr. Barrett is a Senior Technical Advisor at the National Risk Management Center of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, part of the United States Department of Homeland Security.
- [Subscribe](https://gcri.org/subscribe)
- [Seth Baum](https://gcri.org/people/seth-baum): Seth Baum is Co-Founder and Executive Director of GCRI. Dr. Baum leads GCRI’s planning and management and contributes to GCRI’s research. He is also a Research Affiliate of the Centre for the Study of Existential Risk at the University of Cambridge and an Associate Editor of the journal Science and Engineering Ethics.
- [Press](https://gcri.org/press): GCRI team members have deep expertise across the global catastrophic risks. We frequently engage with journalists, including on short notice, to advance public understanding of the risks. We also welcome inquiries from content creators and other contributors to new media. Our press page contains contact information for press inquiries.
- [Topics](https://gcri.org/topics): GCRI’s work covers a wide range of major global catastrophic risks and themes that cut across multiple risks. GCRI has ten topics: artificial intelligence, climate & environment, cross-risk systems, ethics, nuclear war, outer space, pandemics & biorisk, resilience & recovery, risk & decision analysis, and solutions & strategy.
- [Official Statements](https://gcri.org/about/statements): To advance a more ethical field of global catastrophic risk, GCRI publishes occasional statements about important current events, issues within the field, and organizational matters. Past statements have addressed matters such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the ethics of funding sources, and racism.
- [Organization Updates](https://gcri.org/about/updates): GCRI publishes regular updates of organization activities. Updates cover matters such as personnel, programs, funding, official statements, and annual reports. GCRI strives for a high degree of transparency regarding organization practices as part of our broader commitment to the responsible management of the organization.
- [About Global Catastrophic Risk](https://gcri.org/topics/about-gcr): Global catastrophic risk is at the extreme end of low-probability, high-severity risk. More precisely, global catastrophic risk is the extreme end of high severity, regardless of probability, though in practice the probabilities are generally low, especially compared to more commonplace risks such as disease, car crashes, and war.
- [Commentary Publications](https://gcri.org/publications/commentary): GCRI publishes timely commentaries on a wide range of topics on global catastrophic risk. Commentaries typically seek to inform an ongoing public conversation on matters related to global catastrophic risk. Commentaries are often published in outside public media outlets, and some are self-published by GCRI.
- [Research Publications](https://gcri.org/publications/research): GCRI publishes cutting edge research across a wide range of topics on global catastrophic risk. Many of the publications appear in internationally recognized peer-reviewed academic journals. Some of the publications are self-published by GCRI as technical reports. All publications adhere to a high standard of intellectual quality.
- [People](https://gcri.org/people): The GCRI team is led by senior experts in the field of global catastrophic risk. GCRI team members are interdisciplinary researchers and organization leaders with many years of experience studying and advancing solutions on global catastrophic risk and related topics, with backgrounds in risk analysis, public policy, and related domains.
- [Donate](https://gcri.org/donate): GCRI is a nonprofit, non-partisan think tank developing solutions to reduce the risk of global catastrophe. Your tax-deductible gift will support GCRI’s cutting-edge research and outreach to address AI, climate change, nuclear war, pandemics, and other major global threats. Donate today to help keep the world safe.
- [Publications](https://gcri.org/publications): GCRI publishes research and commentary publications across a wide range of topics on global catastrophic risk. The publications are usually available to read in full for free online. Many publications, especially the more technical research publications, contain a non-technical summary for a general readership.
- [About](https://gcri.org/about): GCRI is a nonprofit and nonpartisan think tank that analyzes the risk of events that could significantly harm or even destroy human civilization at the global scale. As a think tank, GCRI serves to bridge the world of scholarship and the world of professional practice to develop practical solutions for reducing the risk of global catastrophe.
- [Home](https://gcri.org/): GCRI is a nonprofit and nonpartisan think tank that analyzes the risk of events that could significantly harm or even destroy human civilization at the global scale. As a think tank, GCRI serves to bridge the world of scholarship and the world of professional practice to develop practical solutions for reducing the risk of global catastrophe.


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